Which of the following are branches of the government?

The branches of government established in the United States are the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branches. This structure, which is designed to ensure a separation of powers, allows each branch to operate independently and to provide checks and balances on one another to prevent any single branch from becoming too powerful.

The Executive branch is responsible for implementing and enforcing laws, led by the President at the federal level, while the Legislative branch is tasked with making laws, consisting of Congress, which includes the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Judicial branch interprets laws and administers justice through the court system.

Understanding this framework is crucial because it highlights the intended balance of power, with each branch playing a specific role in governance. The other choices include components that do not align with the established branches of government, which is why they do not accurately represent the structure of U.S. government. For instance, "State" and "Military" are not classified as separate branches; while "State" refers to levels of government and the "Military" plays a role under the Executive branch, it is not a distinct branch of government itself.