Which body is responsible for making federal laws?

The body responsible for making federal laws is Congress. Congress is a bicameral legislature, consisting of two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. Members of both chambers work together to draft, debate, and pass legislation, which may then be sent to the President for approval. This structure is outlined in the U.S. Constitution and establishes Congress as the primary legislative authority in the federal government, reflecting the principle of representative democracy where elected officials represent the interests of their constituents.

The Senate is one part of Congress and plays a crucial role in the law-making process, particularly in reviewing and voting on legislation approved by the House of Representatives. However, it does not act independently to create laws. The Supreme Court, on the other hand, interprets laws and determines their constitutionality but does not create them. The Executive Office, which includes the President and various administrative agencies, is responsible for enforcing laws rather than making them.