What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

The two parts of the U.S. Congress are indeed the Senate and the House of Representatives. This bicameral structure was established in the U.S. Constitution and is fundamental to the legislative process in the United States.

The Senate consists of two senators from each state, regardless of the state's population, allowing for equal representation among the states. This chamber plays a crucial role in approving treaties, confirming presidential appointments, and conducting impeachment trials.

On the other hand, the House of Representatives is based on population, with larger states having more representatives. This chamber focuses on initiating revenue-related legislation and has the exclusive power to impeach federal officials.

This division into two houses creates a system of checks and balances within Congress, ensuring that legislation is debated and reviewed from multiple perspectives before being voted into law. The other choices refer to different structures or branches of government that do not accurately describe the composition of Congress.