What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

The two parts of the U.S. Congress are the Senate and the House of Representatives. This bicameral structure was established in the U.S. Constitution and reflects the framers' intention to balance power and representation.

The Senate comprises two senators from each state, regardless of population, thereby ensuring that smaller states have an equal voice in the legislative process. This representation promotes stability and encourages lengthy deliberation on legislation, which is a hallmark of the Senate's role.

The House of Representatives, on the other hand, is composed of representatives based on each state’s population. This design allows for a more direct representation of the electorate's will, making the House typically more responsive to changes in public opinion and political trends.

Together, these two chambers work collaboratively to create laws, approve budgets, and address national issues, exemplifying the concept of a legislative branch that checks and balances the power of the executive and judicial branches.